Exploring DMT: Endogenous role and therapeutic potential

DMT (N,N-dimethyltryptamine) may have an endogenous biological role beyond its presence as a psychedelic compound. The review argues that DMT biosynthesis and regulation can be influenced by physiological conditions such as developmental stage, tissue alkalization, hypoxia, and stress. It focuses on indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT) and suggests that in addition to known pathways, other unidentified routes may contribute to DMT production in mammalian systems. The paper proposes mechanisms linking endogenous DMT to neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. It highlights DMT's lipophilic properties as enabling intracellular access and activation of intracellular 5-HT2A receptors, with additional mention of Sigma-1. The authors also connect DMT to broader processes including neurogenesis, mitochondrial homeostasis, immunomodulation, and protection against hypoxia and oxidative stress, and they call for further research on DMT as a potential neurotransmitter.